Oracle Financials Implementation Guide (R12)
- Criteria for Seperate Accounting Setup (Ledger)
- Chart of Accounts
- Currency
- Calendar
- Sub ledger Accounting Method
- Ledger Processing Options
- Need for Sequencing
- Need for Open/Close Periods separately
- Tax requirements
- Legal requirement to maintain a Ledger separately
IFRS
1. IFRS are issued by IASB
SLA-Sub Ledger Accounting
SAM-Sub Ledger Accounting MethodsE-Biz Tax
Tax Authority - Government entity that regulates tax law, administers, or audits one or more taxes
Tax Regime - The set of tax regulations that determine the treatment of one or more taxes administered by a tax authority (Country, Operating Units (Party Name))
Regime to Rate Flow-Tax - A distinct charge imposed through a fiscal or tax authority (GL Accounts, tax type, Geography type, Parent geography)
Tax Jurisdiction - A geographical area where a tax is levied by a specific tax authority or where a specific tax rate applies
Tax Status - The taxable nature of a product or service in the context of a transaction for a tax type. Similar to the Tax code definitions in 11i
Tax Rate - The rate specified for a tax status in effect for a period of time. You can express the tax rate as a percentage or as a value per unit quantity (rate)
Implement Financials
Setup User/Responsibility
Login to ‘System Administrator’ responsibility Using SYSADMIN/SYSADMIN
Create a new User and attach required responsibilities & ‘System Administrator’ responsibility to the User.
Log off and Log into System Administrator’s responsibility with the new User
Setup the Profile Option ‘HR: USER TYPE’ to ‘HR USER’ for the new responsibility. Unless we do this we can not open any forms (Profiles>>System)
Define Organizations (PO>>Setup>>Organizations>>Organizations)
Create Location/s (Addresses) for Business Group
Create Business Group and assign it at ……
Create Operating Units, Inventory Organizations
General Ledger Setup
Switch to the GL responsibility and create following Flex fields and compile them (Keep the Dynamic Insertion option on)
Accounting Flex field (Values Required)
Job Flex Field (Value set Validation type should be ‘NONE’, so that values can be entered from the Screen)
Position Flex field (Value set Validation type should be ‘NONE’)
Stock Locators (a Future segment with out Value set will do)
System Items (Values Required)
Sales Orders (a Future segment with out Value set will do)
Item Catalogs (a Future segment with out Value set will do)
Account Aliases (a Future segment with out Value set will do)
Item Categories (Value set Validation type should be ‘NONE’)
Define one of the seeded Structures depending on the requirement (Normally ‘Item Category’)
Create Category Codes (PO>>Setup>>Items>>Categories>>Category code)
Create Category Sets (PO>>Setup>>Items>>Categories>>Category Sets)
Assign Default Category set for ‘Purchasing’ and ‘Inventory’ (PO>>Setup>>Items>>Categories>>Default Category code)
Define Set of Books
Define Period types (e.g. Month, Quarter, Year )
Define Calendar
Define Currencies
Define SOB
Define Organizations (PO>>Setup>>Organizations>>Organizations)
Create Location/s (Addresses) for LE/s
Create Legal entity/s and enter ‘employer identification’ and ‘legal accounting’ from others
Run ‘Replicate seed data’ report from the System Administrator’s Responsibility
Setup System Profiles
Switch to System Administrator and setup OU and SOB in profile options as follows.
MO: operating unit (Default OU at site level is required. This can be overridden for each Responsibility)
GL: set of books
Folders: Allow customization (Yes/No)(USER lever only)
(This is required only if we want to change (Show/Hide fields) the default view of the folder, for the reasons like assigning the sequence for the invoice type as manual, which requires entry of the Voucher Number manually which is hidden by default. In such case set up the above profile and select the fields to show/hide from the folders menu and save that view as default view, so that every time we open the screen we can see the modified view)
Sequential Numbering: Always/Never/Partial
(If we select ‘Always’, we have to define and assign Sequences for each Application, Category combination where ever mandatory. (GL>>Setup>>Financials>>Sequences)
Value Security Setup
Activate the Segment for the Security (GL>>Setup>>Financials>>Flex field>>Key>>Segment)
Define Security rule for the Value set (GL>>Setup>>Financials>>Flex field>>Key>>Security>>Define)
Assign the rule to responsibility
Global Inter company System (GIS)
Create Subsidiaries (GL>>Setup>>Inter company>>Subsidiaries)
Create Transaction types (GL>>Setup>>Inter company>>Transaction types)
Create Clearing account/s (GL>>Setup>>Inter company>>Clearing Accounts)
Create Auto Accounting Rules if required (GL>>Setup>>Inter company>>Auto Accounting Rules)
We have to run request “Program – Inter company Transfer ” to transfer the transaction to Sender/Receiver
Purchasing Setup
Switch to the ‘Purchasing Super User’ responsibility
Define Organizations (Setup>>Organizations>>Organizations)
Create Locations (Addresses) for OU/s, IO/s
Create Operating unit/s and attach legal entity and sob to it
Run ‘Replicate seed data’ report from the System Administrator’s Responsibility
Create Inventory organization/s and enter accounting info, inventory info and receiving info from others
Setup System Profiles
Switch to System Administrator and setup OU and SOB in profile options as follows.
MO: operating unit (for each Responsibility)
GL: set of books
PO: workflow process mode (background/online)
Folders: Allow customization (Yes/No)(USER lever only)
Note: This is required only if we want to change (Show/Hide fields) the default view of the folder, for the reasons like assigning the sequence for the invoice type as manual, which requires entry of the Voucher Number manually which is hidden by default. In such case set up the above profile and select the fields to show/hide from the folders menu and save that view as default view, so that every time we open the screen we can see the modified view
Switch to the ‘Purchasing Super User’ responsibility and Choose SOB. System allows to choose SOB only once for an OU irrespective of the no of Responsibilities it is attached to (Setup>>Organizations>>SOB>>Choose)
Define Default Category Sets
Define a ‘Item Categories’ flex field with value set type as ‘Independent’
Note: If the Item Category is single Segment Flex field, then we can create the Value set type as NONE
Enter Value for the segments
Create code combinations (PO>>SETUP>>ITEMS>>CATEGOIRES>>CATEGORY CODES)
Define Category sets (PO>>SETUP>>ITEMS>>CATEGOIRES>>CATEGORY SETS)
Define ‘Default Category Sets’ for various applications (PO>>SETUP>>ITEMS>>CATEGOIRES>>Default Category Sets)
Setup Approval/Security Hierarchies
Position hierarchies (Positions need to be Setup)
Make sure to select ‘Business Group’ and enable the check box ‘use approval hierarchies’ on ‘human resources’ tab in ‘financial options’ (setup>organizations>financial options)
Create Jobs. i.e., Buyer, Vice President, etc (setup>personal>jobs)
Create Positions (a Sub category to Job). i.e., IT buyer, vice president marketing, etc and attach the Job to it. Set the Status to Active. The ‘Reporting to’ hierarchy will automatically get populated once this position is attached to a hierarchy (setup>personal>positions)
Create Position hierarchies (setup>personal>position hierarchies)
Enter Name of the Hierarchy, version, date and save it
In the Position Block search for the Position for which you want to create Subordinates
Save it and in the subordinates Block select the Positions which you want to be subordinates and save it.
Create Approval groups and specify the ranges for the following. Approval Groups are OU Specific. (setup>approvals>approval groups)
Document total (Mandatory for Blanket & Contract PO)
Account range (Mandatory for Standard PO)
Item category range
Item range
Location range
Note: If the ‘Security Level’ is set to ‘Hierarchy’ then each Position in the Approval Hierarchy should be attached with a Approval group which has a Include of that Document type
Associate combinations of Document type and Approval group to specific Positions on ‘Approval assignments’ (setup>approvals>approval assignments)
Create employees and attach the Position to it in ‘More’ (Setup>Personnel>Employees)
Run ‘Fill Employee Hierarchy’ request (PO>>view>>request)
Employee/supervisor relationships (no position setup required)
Create Employee/s. Attach the Buyer Employee/s to the Buyers list
Switch to System Administrator and attach a buyer Employee to the User and switch back
Define document types (setup>purchasing>document types)
Security level
Public: Everybody can see the Document
Private: Only the owner can see
Purchasing: Only Buyers can see
Hierarchy: Everybody in the hierarchy can see (‘Security Hierarchy’ in ‘Control’ tab on Purchasing Options must to be entered)
Access level
Full
View only
Modify
Setup default Hierarchy
Note: If you do not define default hierarchy you have to manually select the hierarch at the time of submitting each PO. Hence this is mandatory
Approval Options
Owner can approve
Approver can Modify
Can change Forward –to
Can change Forward – from
Can change Approval hierarchy
Disable
Set up Purchasing, Receiving and Financial Options (Setup>>Organizations). Make sure you have entered the default Inventory organization on ‘Supplier-Purchasing’ tab
We can Implement Organizational access by Responsibility (Inventory>>Setup>>Organizations>>Organization Access)
Define UOM Class (Setup>>UOM>>Classes)
Define Line types (Setup>>Purchasing>>Line types)
Encumbrance
Enable ‘Budgetary Control’ and define reserve account in the SOB definition (GL>>Financials>>Books>>Define)
Enable Encumbrance in the Financial Options (PO>>Setup>>Organizations>>Financial Options)
We have to run request ‘Program – Create Journals’ to create encumbrance journals
Various types of Variances
Purchase Price (PPV) – PO price and Standard Cost (IO>>Inventory Info)
Invoice Price (IPV) – PO Price and Invoice Price (IO>>Inventory Info)
Control Purchasing Periods (Open, Never Opened, Closed, Permanently Closed, Future)
Functional
a) Purchasing Process
Enter Requisition (Internal, Purchase) (Requisitions> Requisitions)
Tables Used
PO_REQUISITION_LINES_ALL
PO_REQ_DISTRIBUTIONS_ALL
Request for quotation (bid, catalog, standard)
Enter quotations
Quotation analysis
Enter/Generate/Release Purchase Order
Enter PO (Blanket, Contract, Planned, Standard )
Enter PO Lines (Expense, Goods, IGC contract commitment, Outside processing)
Click on Shipments and enter the info then
Click on Distributions and check the info if correct else enter/ Modify the info
Tables Used
PO_HEADERS_ALL
PO_LINES_ALL
PO_LINE_LOCATIONS_ALL
PO_LINE_DISTRIBUTIONS_ALL
Approve it
Receive Goods/Services (3 way matching)
RCV_SHIPMENT_HEADERS_V
Inspect (4 way matching)
b) Reconciliation
Accounts Payable Setup
Switch to System Administrator and create a Payables Responsibility and attach appropriate Payable Menu
Setup Following Profiles for the responsibility (SA>>Profiles>>System)
MO: operating unit
GL: set of books
Folders: Allow customization (Yes/No)(USER lever only)
Note: This is required only if we want to change (Show/Hide fields) the default view of the folder, for the reasons like assigning the sequence for the invoice type as manual, which requires entry of the Voucher Number manually which is hidden by default. In such case set up the above profile and select the fields to show/hide from the folders menu and save that view as default view, so that every time we open the screen we can see the modified view
Sequential Numbering: Always/Never/Partial
Note: If we select ‘Always’, we have to define and assign Sequences for each Application, Category combination where ever mandatory. (GL>>Setup>>Financials>>Sequences)
Use Invoice Batch Control: Site level Default is ‘No’
Switch to the ‘Payable Manager’ responsibility and Choose SOB. System allows to choose SOB only once for an OU irrespective of the no of Responsibilities it is attached to (Setup>> SOB>>Choose)
Define Pay terms
Create Lookup Codes
Pay Group (Purchasing)
Setup Financial Options (If not already Setup)
Setup Payables Options
Automatic Offset
Tax Setup
Create Tax types if required. (AP>>Setup>>Lookup>>TAX_TYPE)
Create required Tax Codes (AP>>Setup>>Tax>>Tax codes)
Create Tax Groups for combinations of Tax codes
Setup Tax in Financial Options ‘Tax’ tab
Define Payment Terms
Define Sequence/s and assign them to the different Categories (GL>>Setup>>Financials>>Sequences)
Develop new Check format as required and attach it to Program (AP>>Setup>>Payment>>Programs)
Define Banks, Check books, etc. Make sure to check the ‘Pooled Account’ box if you want to enabled ‘Automatic offset’ functionality for payments. (AP>>Setup>>Payments>>Banks)
Approval Setup
Switch to ‘AME Application Administrator’ responsibility
Define attributes
Define Conditions
Define Approval Groups
Define Rules
Test the rules created
Control Payable Periods (AP>>Accounting)
Functional
a) Invoice types
Standard
Credit memo
Debit memo
Expense report
Po default *
Quick match *
Mixed *
Prepayment
Recurring invoice
* On saving system will the change the type to standard
For speed entry invoice gateway can be used (no validation occurs)
Payment methods
Checks
EFT
c) Payment types
Manual
Quick
Refund
d) GL transfer procedure
Validate (from actions)
Create accounting entries (from actions)
Payables transfer to general ledger (request)
Run journal import (request)
And post
e) Payment entry (amount)
i) Invoice – positive
ii) Credit memo – negative
Debit memo – negative
Refund – negative
There is netting report available between suppliers and customers, but to make it work properly the following 3 should be same.
Name
Currency
Tax Code
g) Automatic payment processing
Select
Modify
Format & print
Confirm
h) Important tables
A. Customer master tables | D. Tables updated for auto pmt before confirm |
1. PO_VENDORS | 1. AP_INVOICE_SELECTION_CRITERIA |
2. PO_VENDOR_SITES | 2. AP_SELECTED_INVOICES |
B. Invoice tables | 3. AP_SELECTED_INVOICES_CHECKS |
5. AP_BACHES | E. Tables updated for auto pmt after confirm |
6. AP_INVOICES | 9. AP_CHECKS |
7. AP_INVOICE_DISTRIBUTIONS | 10. AP_INVOICE_PAYMENTS |
8. AP_PAYMENT_SCHEDULES | F. AP to GL transfer tables |
C. For employee expenses | 1. AP_ACCOUNTING_EVENTS_ALL |
3. AP_EXPENSE_REPORT_HEADERS | 2. AP_AE_HEADERS_ALL |
4. AP_EXPENSE_REPORT_LINES | 3. AP_AE_LINES_ALL |
GL transfer program uses 2 PL/SQL procedures named as APCCENG and APGLTRANS. APACCENG program looks for new transactions in the AP_SELECTED_INVOICE_CHECKS (for payments) and AP_INVOICES, AP_INVOICE_DISTRIBUTIONS (for invoices). Any new transactions found will be inserted to f tables. The GL_TRANSFER_FLAG in AP_AE_HEADERS_ALL will have y, n or e values to represent its status. APGLTRANS program picks up line from the AP_AE_LINES_ALL table where flag=n and inserts them in to GL_INTERFACE table
Reconciliation
AP: Accounts Payable Trial Balance
GL: Posted Invoice Register
GL: Posted Payment Register
Important notes
If ‘Allow Adjustments to Paid Invoices’ option is ON—
If Invoice is not accounted and not paid we can make changes to distributions
If Invoice is accounted but not paid then we have to reverse the Distributions to make changes
If ‘Allow Adjustments to Paid Invoices’ option is OFF—
Accounts Receivable Setup
Switch to Administrator and create a AR Responsibility and attach appropriate Menu
Set up the following Profiles
MO: Operating Unit
GL Set of Books
AR: Transaction Batch Source (Optional, Default Batch Source on Transaction entry form)
Tax: Allow Override of Tax Code
DQM Match Rule for Online Duplicate Identification (Optional)
Switch to new Responsibility and Setup the System Options (AR>>Setup>>System>>System Options)
Define Transaction Sources (AR>>Setup>>Transactions>>Sources)
Define Transaction types (AR>>Setup>>Transactions>>Transaction Types)
Define Auto Accounting (AR>>Setup>>Transactions>>Auto Accounting)
Define Remit to Addresses (AR>>ctrl L>>remit) (required only when enabled in system Options)
Define Tax Codes (AR>>Setup>>Tax)
Define Payment terms (AR>>Setup>>Transactions>>Payment terms)
Define Banks (AR>>Setup>>Receipts>>Banks)
Note: AP needs to be setup (Choose Books) for the OU to define Banks
Define Receipt Activities (AR>>Setup>>Receipt>> Receipt Activities)
Define Receipt Classes (AR>>Setup>>Receipt>>Receipt Classes)
Define Receipt (Batch) Sources (AR>>Setup>>Receipt>>Receipt Sources)
Define Lock Boxes (AR>>Setup>>Receipt>>Lockboxes>>Lockboxes)
Important tables
1. RA_CUSTOMER_TRX_ALL | Transaction headers |
2. RA_CUSTOMER_TRX_LINES_ALL | Transaction Lines |
3. RA_CUST_TRX_LINE_GL_DIST_ALL | Transaction Line Distributions |
4. AR_PAYMENT_SCHEDULES_ALL | Payment Schedules |
5. RA_CUST_TRX_TYPES_ALL | Transaction types |
6. RA_ACCOUNT_DEFAULTS_ALL | Auto Accounting |
7. RA_ACCOUNT_DEFAULT_SEGMENTS | Auto Accounting |
8. AR_CASH_RECEIPTS_ALL | All Cash receipts are logged into this table |
9. AR_DISTRIBUTIONS_ALL | This table stores the accounting distributions for cash receipts, miscellaneous receipts, adjustments, credit memo applications, cash receipt applications, and bills receivable transactions. |
10. AR_CASH_RECEIPTS_HISTORY_ALL | The status field for that row tells you which step the receipt has reached |
11. AR_RECEIVABLE_APPLICATIONS_ALL | This table stores all accounting entries for cash and credit memo applications |
12. AR_MISC_CASH_DISTRIBUTIONS_ALL | This table stores all accounting entries for miscellaneous cash applications. |
13. AR_RECEIPT_CLASSES | Receipt classes determine whether the receipt belonging to this class are created manually or automatically, and whether the receipts go through the different steps in a receipt’s life-cycle |
14. AR_RECEIPT_METHODS | This table stores information about Payment Methods, receipt attributes that you define and assign to Receipt Classes to account for receipts and their applications |
15. AR_RECEIPT_METHOD_ACCOUNTS_ALL | For each receipt method, each bank account that can handle this Payment Method is defined as a row in this table |
16. RA_INTERFACE_LINES_ALL | Invoice Interface table |
Cash Management Setup
Switch to System Administrator and create a Cash Management Responsibility and attach appropriate Menu
Setup Following Profiles for the responsibility (SA>>Profiles>>System)
MO: operating unit
GL: set of books
Setup System Options
Create Document Categories and Sequences for each Account (Bank) Name and assign them
Define Bank Codes if you want to use Automatic Reconciliation feature. This is mapping of bank specific transaction codes to Oracle APPS transactions i.e., Payments, Receipts, Journals etc.
Functional
Manual Bank Statement (Bank Reconciliation>>Bank Statements)
Enter Bank account details and click on lines and enter lines. After entering the line click on Available and select the corresponding Payment/Receipt/Journal for that bank statement line and click Reconcile
Alternatively on the Bank statement window click on Available button and select the Payment/ Receipt/Journal and click on Reconcile. This will automatically inserts a reconciled line in the Bank Statement
Bank Statement Interface (Bank Reconciliation>>Bank Statement Interface)
Place the text file from the bank on the designated path in the Unix box and run the request ‘Bank Statement Loader ’to upload the file data into Bank statement Interface table
Run ‘Bank statement Import’ request to create the bank Statement from the interface table
Automatic reconciliation (Request>>Automatic Reconciliation)
Statement Interface tables | Statement Tables |
1. CE_STMT_INT_TMP | |
2. CE_STATEMENT_HEADERS_INT_ALL | 1. CE_STATEMENT_HEADERS |
3. CE_STATEMENT_LINES_INTERFACE | 2. CE_STATEMENT_LINES |
Fixed Assets Setup
Switch to Administrator and create a FA Responsibility and attach appropriate Menu
Setup the following flex fields (FA>>Setup>>Financials>>Flex fields>>Key>>Segments)
Category flex filed
Location flex field
Asset Key flex field
Setup System Controls (FA>>Setup>>Asset System>>System Controls)
Define Fiscal Years (FA>>Setup>>Asset System>>Fiscal Years)
Define Calendars (FA>>Setup>>Asset System>>Calendars)
(Note: Period Names should be same as GL period Names)
Define Prorate Conventions (FA>>Setup>>Asset System>>Prorate Conventions)
Create Locations (FA>>Setup>>Asset System>>Locations)
Create Asset Keys (FA>>Setup>>Asset System>>Asset Keys)
Define Depreciation Methods (FA>>Setup>>Depreciation>>Methods)
Create Books (FA>>Setup>>Asset System>>Book Controls)
Create Asset Categories for all the Books Created (FA>>Setup>>Asset System>>Asset Categories)
Functional
Asset types
Capitalized (Can be Depreciated)
CIP (Will not be Depreciated)
Expense (Can not be Depreciated)
Group Asset
Five Major functionalities of Oracle Assets
Asset Additions
Quick Addition
Detail Addition
Mass Additions (Asset Interface)
Assets Adjustments
Change the Depreciation Method
Change the Life
Reclassify (Change in Category)
Change in financial info like cost, depreciation and Amortization etc.
Revaluation
Asset Transfers
Between Ledger accounts
Locations
Employees
Asset Retirements
Retire assets fully or partially, by units or cost, and in the current or previous accounting periods. You can retire an asset from any depreciation book without affecting other books.
Reinstate Retired Assets
Depreciation
Run Depreciation
Project Depreciation
Rollback Depreciation
Important Tables
1. FA_BOOK_CONTROLS | Definition of Asset Books |
2. FA_CATEGORIES_B | Asset Category Flex field info |
3. FA_CATEGORY_BOOKS | Default Accounting info for each category |
4. FA_CATEGORY_BOOK_DEFAULTS | Default Depreciation info for each category |
5. FA_MASS_ADDITIONS | Asset Interface Table |
6. FA_ADDITIONS_B | Asset Master Table |
7. FA_TRANSACTION_HEADERS | Transaction info of an Asset |
8. FA_BOOKS | This table contains all the info of each asset required to calculate Depreciation. A record will be inserted every time a new asset is created or Modified |
9. FA_ASSET_HISTORY | This is an audit table. Any change to any asset will insert a new record here and end dates the earlier one |
10. FA_DISTRIBUTION_HISTORY | Contains the info about the employee, location accounting |
11. FA_DEPRN_PERIODS | Open period |
12. FA_DEPRN_DETAILS | Contains all info regarding Depreciation and related info like YTD, Reserve, Bonus Depreciation etc. |
Setup Security by Book
Create Assets organizations and attach the Book/s
The description needs to be changed (add space)
Create Organization Hierarchy (FA>>Setup>>Security>>Organization>>Hierarchy)
Create Security Profiles (FA>>Setup>>Security>>Security)
Run the Security List Maintenance program
Setup FA: Security Profile
Migration Strategy
Following minimum info to be collected
Asset Description
Location flex field info
Category flex field info
Units
Total Cost
YTD Depreciation
ITD Accumulated Depreciation
Depreciation Expense Account
Date Placed in Service
Clearing (Migration) Account --Optional
Collect the date with the above minimum info
Upload it thru ADI with Option Post checked
Important notes
Depreciation and Accumulated Depreciation balances should be taken to their respective accounts in the trial balance upload
Asset Cost balances should be taken to either Asset clearing/Migration accounts. The same account should be entered in asset upload sheet (Point 10 above)
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